Japanese Terminology

Counting

Clothing and equipment

Bokken	Wooden sword
Dogi	Another name for the uniform
Dojo	Practice place
Gi	Uniform
Hakama	Pleated skirt-like cloth worn usually by a black belt holder
Jo	Wooden stick
Kamiza	Shrine
Obi	Belt
Shiro obi	White belt or a practitioner with a white belt
Kuro obi	Black belt or a black belt holder
Tanto	Wooden knife
Tatami	Practice mat
Yudansha	Black belt holder
Zori	Sandals

Manners

Rei	Bowing; literally "appreciation and respect"
Ritsurei	Standing bow
Zarei	Sitting bow

Roles

Nage	The person who does the technique
O Sensei	The founder of Aikido
Sensei	The instructor
Uke	The person who receives the technique

Posture

Ai hanmi	Partners face each other, each with the right or the left foot forward
Gyaku hanmi	Partners face each other, one with the right foot forward the other with the left foot forward
Hanmi	The basic standing posture in Aikido, literally means ""half body"", i.e., in case of right hanmi, one stands with the right hand and right foot forward
Hara or Tanden	The lower abdominal part, below the navel, the center of the human being where power is generated
Kamae	Posture, guard
Maai	Proper distance between the two partners facing each other
Seiza	Kneeling position, sitting on the heels with back straight

Falls (Ukemi)

Koho kaiten	Back roll
Zempo kaiten	Forward roll

Warm up

Jumbi undo	Warm up exercises
Haishin undo	Final back stretch

Partner practice

Sotai dosa	Partner practice in doing aikido exercises
Tai no tenkan	Tenkan practice, turning the body with one hand grabbed by the Uke and where the Uke moves forward with the tenkan
Kokyu ho	Breath power exercise; kokyu literally means ""breathing""
Kokyu dosa	Sitting kokyu exercise

Technique Categories

Hanmi handachi	Techniques done with Nage sitting and Uke standing
Henka waza	Chaining techniques
Irimi	Entering movement going toward uke
Kaeshi waza	Counter techniques
Omote waza	Entering movement in front of uke, considered positive
Shikko	Knee walking in suwari waza or hanmi handachi waza
Soto kaiten	Outside turning movement
Suwari waza	Sitting techniques
Tachi waza	Standing technique
Tai sabaki	Body movement in response to the attack
Tenkan	Turning movement
Tenshin	Nage steps back
Uchi kaiten	Inside turning movement
Ura waza	Entering movement behind uke, considered negative
Waza	Techniques, movements

Attacks

Ai hanmi katate tori	Cross hand grasp of a wrist (e.g. left hand grasps left wrist)
Gyaku hanmi katate tori	Mirror grasp of a wrist (e.g. left hand grasps right wrist)
Kata tori	Shoulder grasp with one hand
Katate tori	Wrist grasp with one hand
Morote tori	Wrist grasp with two hands
Muna mochi	Lapel grab with one hand
Ryote tori	Both wrists grasped from the front (one hand per wrist)
Ryo kata tori	Shoulder grasp with two hands
Shomen uchi	Descending strike to the top of the head
Sode tori	Sleeve grab with one hand
Tsuki	Thrust punch
Ushiro ryo kata tori	Both shoulders grasped from behind
Ushiro tekubi tori	Both wrists grasped from behind
Yokomen uchi	Diagonal strike to the head with the blade of the hand

Attacks with weapons

Tachi tori	Movements with uke attacking with a sword
Jo tori	Movements with uke attacking with a wooden stick
Tanto tori	Movements with uke attacking with a wooden knife
Kumi tachi	Sword against sword movements
Kumi jo	Jo against jo movements

Aikido Techniques - Katame waza (immobilization movements)

Ikkyo	"First principle" or arm pin
Nikyo	"Second principle" or wrist control by turning it in
Sankyo	"Third principle" or wrist control by twisting it
Yonkyo	"Fourth principle" pressure point arm control
Gokyo	"Fifth principle"

Aikido Techniques - Nage-waza (throwing movements)

Aiki otoshi	Throw by lifting uke's legs
Irimi nage	Entering throw
Juji nage	Intertwined arms throw
Kaiten nage	Throwing by pushing diagonally on one of uke's arm while controlling his head
Kokyu ho	Breathing exercise
Kokyu nage	Breath power throw
Kote gaeshi	Throwing by turning out uke's wrist
Koshi nage	Hip throw
Shiho nage	Four corners throw
Sumi otoshi	Corner throw
Tenchi nage	Heaven (ten) and earth (chi) throw
Gyakute nage	Elbow cutting throw